Saturday, May 16, 2020

Trickbyte

TrickByte
Trickbyte is situated in Thailand and offers a sensibly estimated Smart DNS administration. One of the real advantages to this supplier is the free 14-day, no commitment trial they offer every single new client.
Here is a link to Trickbyte
The organization has servers around the globe including the United States, Canada, United Kingdom and Germany and gives an amazing rundown of unblocked media locales. Anyone who appreciates gushing media to Internet-empowered gadgets will discover this administration difficult to beat.
VPN is utilized to trap the Internet into accepting that VPN clients are in sure areas regardless of the possibility that they’re not by any means physically there. In fact, utilizing VPN ought to permit anybody any-place on the planet to get to well known streams like Netflix and Hulu without experiencing a lapse message expressing the “not accessible” in their nation of home.
Tragically, the VPN trap does not work all the time when attempting to sidestep geographic limitations in getting to gushing sites. Most VPN movement is currently being obstructed by these spilling administrations in accordance with issues on robbery and copyright encroachment.
TrickByte DNS Pricing Details
Typically, DNS administrations are offered for a seven-day free trial to pull in potential clients into testing the administration first before purchasing the paid rendition. Regarding the matter of free trial records, TrickByte finish the opposition with its 14-day free trial advertising.
After the 14-day free trial access terminates, clients should move up to a paid membership to keep utilizing TrickByte’s DNS administrations. Once more, contrasted with the opposition, TrickByte’s DNS bundles are a considerable measure less expensive.
A month worth of membership just expenses $2.99. Intrigued clients can likewise profit of 8.3 percent to 20 percent rebates by purchasing long haul memberships. For six months worth of TrickByte DNS activity, clients will just pay $16.49. The greatest rebate can be benefited with a yearly membership that expenses $29.99.
Devices supported by TrickByte
TrickByte bolsters different gadgets including however not restricted to iPhone/iPad, Android, Play station, Wii, Apple TV, Roku, WD TV, Samsung Smart TV, LG TV, Sony TV, Amazon Fire TV and Kindle Fire. Different gadgets may additionally work – basically request that bolster help you set-up the administration on a gadget not recorded on their bolster page.
Client backing can be reached utilizing an email ticketing framework, through the client customer zone and the organization site and web journal do give an abundance of data on utilizing the administration and how to take care of regular issues. TrickByte likewise offer clients a free membership to the administration for one year in the event that they are readied to compose a survey of the TrickByte anticipate their claimed online journal or site.
TrickByte is an awesome DNS administration. TrickByte gives clients sufficient time to test the administration and if they choose to update after the trial period, they would just pay $2.99 every month – which is truly moderate.
Clients will discover TrickByte Smart DNS deals with all Internet-empowered gadgets and there’s no compelling reason to have a switch in the home. The organization does not force data transmission restricts on clients, so it’s conceivable to stream content at whatever time of day or night, each day of the month. The real advantage of Smart DNS when contrasted with VPNs is the velocity of transmission. Clients can expect HD spilling with no stoppage of pace because of VPN encryption or sharing of paces on servers. The main information Trickbyte have into any association with a mainstream media gushing organization is that it switches the DNS location of the client starting gadget to guarantee the client obtains entrance to all geo-confined substance. Spilling substance from a prominent media channel like Hulu obliges clients to sign into the administration with an IP address that starts in the United States, with Trickbyte Smart DNS destinations, for example, Hulu are tricked into accepting the entrance is from an adequate area and, therefore, permitted.
Clients who appreciate gushing well known games, TV, film or music channels and are discovering access to channels is obstructed because of their geographic area will value the advantages offered by Smart DNS. Understudies and workers in specific circumstances additionally discover access to their most loved spilling locales or person to person communication destinations, as Facebook, are blocked. Signing in by means of a dynamic Smart DNS administration opens up every single blocked channel, regardless of where the client happens to be.

Sunday, April 20, 2014

Macroeconomic Fundamentals

Fundamentals of Macroeconomics:



  1. The aggregate spending in an economy determines the level of production and employment. Aggregate spending includes government spending, household and business spending as well as spending that results by foreign spending on domestic goods (exports).
  2. Increase in aggregate spending does not always result in inflation. Only if the economy is under full employment that further increase in spending, causes inflation
  3. Fiscal policy (government spending, taxing policy, export policy) affects aggregate spending in an economy and can help move level of production and employment. Inflation would only occur if this is spending increase is beyond full employment.
  4. Monetary Policy is the action taken by Central Bank to change the reserves that commercial banks have parked by it. Increase in reserves should increase new loans, reduce interest rate and spur household and business spending. This moves level of production and employment. Again inflation would only occur if this spending is beyond full employment
  5. Central bank can change reserves by changing reserve ratio, increasing/decreasing discount rate or through open market operations. In open market operations, the Central Bank buys government bonds from the commercial banks (secondary market). Commercial banks had bought these bonds which are are issued by the Govt. treasury to finance govt. spending.  By buying bonds, Central Bank increases the reserve of that commercial bank's account with it, spurring investment and introducing new money.  If central bank does not buy govt. bonds, it can result in crowding out effect as commercial banks and individuals buy govt bonds, the commercial's bank's reservers with central bank's falls, and may not give new loans increasing interest rate. To prevent interest rate from rising and reducing investment, Central Bank purchases these bonds from the bank giving it new money and keeping interest rate same. This is called monetising the debt.
  6. Exchange rate is determined by intersection of demand and supply curve (flexible or free floating exchange regime). 
          When a country exports a lot, foreigners demand for rupees increases (to pay for the imports). this appreciates the rupee as demand curve shifts to the right. Foreigners supply foreign currency and demand rupees. This increases foreign exchange reserves. This can auto-stabilize as appreciating rupee makes exports expensive and bring back equilibrium. To prevent this, a country can artificially support its currency. It can do this by increasing the supply of rupees which shifts supply curve to the right. This may have the effect of stoking inflation as quantity of money increases and increased supply may also increase spending by businesses and households due to lower interest rates.
          When a country imports, it buys foreign currency and sells its domestic currency. This increases the demand for the foreign currency and unless the foreign country increases supply of its own currency, the country importing will see the value of its currency drop (as explained in previous paragraph).
          When the country is facing recession, fiscal policy and monetary policy is used. Fiscal policy will boost aggregate spending in the economy. Since country is in recession, this will not stoke inflation but move country towards full employment. However to finance this increased spending, the government will sell bonds to banks and public. As banks and public buy these bonds, interest rates demanded will increase as banks's reserves with central bank falls. This may have a negative effect as increasing interest rate hurts spending. Central bank will intervene and monetise the debt by increasing money supply to prevent rise in interest rate.  The increase in money supply shifts the supply curve to the right. This depreciates the local currency. This can be counter balanced if exports increase (and hence demand for local currency increases). However if the country is in sanctions and not able to export (like Iran or Russia), the demand for local currency might actually further fall. The increased money supply from Central Bank may result in inflation in the country (negated somewhat by decreased demand for its local currency). However if the country is dependent on imports, the falling local currency means it needs more local currency to buy imports. This will force the government to print more money, further increasing inflation and finally taking the country towards hyper-inflation.  One way the country can be saved is if it has foreign exchange reserves as it can pay for necessary imports using its foreign exchange reserves without resorting to printing more local currency.
Alternatively when a country is a hot-bed for investment, demand for its local currency will be high. With increased demand, the demand curve shifts to the right and the local currency appreciates. This also increases foreign exchange reserves. The appreciating of local currency may hurt exports.  If the government tries to prevent this by increasing money supply (hence shifting supply curve to the right)- This has the effect of increasing money supply in economy and stoking inflation. Alternatively if the country is no longer hot-bed for investment, foreign investment pulls away. This decreases demand for local currency (shifts demand curve to the left). This devalues the currency and the country will be forced to increase money supply to pay for its imports (stoking inflation) or use up its foreign exchange reserves to pay for imports. 

Important to understand: By itself, appreciating or depreciating a local currency has no relation to inflation. Inflation is an indirect effect when government tries to increase or decrease money supply to maintain a stable exchange rate. In a flexible exchange rate system, no govt. intervention would mean to affect to inflation (but has other problems of volatility in exchange rates).

Current Account - the net exchange of foreign exchange which includes Exports-Imports + Interest Payments + transfers. 
Capital Account - the net exchange of foreign exchange which includes investments in and out of the country and well as purchase of govt bonds by foreigners. 

In US, when it imports more than it exports, there is net current account deficit. Since it imports more than it exports, there is net deficit in dollars. To fund for these "missing" dollars, US govt. would be forced to raise money through bond selling. Foreigners purchase these bonds giving it a net positive capital account transfer. This balances the current account deficit to zero and hence called balance of payments.  If a country cannot fund for its current account deficit through raising money by bonds (as happens in Russia, Iran who are not allowed to export but are forced to import needs imports and have falling currency), the only option left for that country is to pay for those imports by selling its foreign exchange reserves or gold.  These countries could try to increase the value of their domestic currency by reducing aggregate spending (fiscal austerity), this moves the supply curve to the left (and appreciates the currency) allowing it to pay for its imports but is problematic as it hampers future growth.

If a country has its currency as reserve currency (like US), it is good because there will always be demand for dollars irrespective if its money supply increases (like it happened in this recession). Even with increased money supply, there was no devaluation of dollar as demand for dollar as reserve currency increased. 



Saturday, November 23, 2013

Chromecast - Wifi

Just purchased a Google Chromecast and had issues in chrome cast detecting the wifi of my home network. After much trying, the only thing that worked was to change the Channel of my wifi to below 12 (I changed it to Auto).  Chromecast immediately detected that and it rocks right now ;)

Thursday, February 03, 2011

How Money Supply and Banking Works

Here are some of the key concepts:

1. Congress issues US treasury bonds and is bought by banks.

2. New money bills are printed when the Fed buys treasury bonds from commercial banks. This new money is called High Powered Money (as this can be used for money multiplier effect). New bills are printed by the Treasury and they will ask "treasury bonds" as collateral from the Fed before printing.

3. Commercial bank uses this new money bills to issue loans in the reserve ratio (e.g 9:1). For $10000 of high powered money, bank issues a loan of $9000 and gets in return an IOU of $9000+interest

4. This IOU of $9000+I is an asset to the bank and can be used for further lending in the ratio of 9:1. Bank can issue another loan of $8100 and gets in return an IOU of $8100 + interest. Note that since the original printed currency was only $10000 from Fed, this new money being lent is out is from 'thin air' and is created by crediting the bank account of the person looking for loan.

5. Above lending process will continue so long as people are looking for loans and debt. All new money is created from debt. If no one comes for further loans, no new money is created

6. In the above process the total money supply created is equal to the the amount of debt = $9000 + $8100. However, the bank is expecting an IOU return of $9000 + $8100 + Interest. As a result of the Interest differential, there will always be some foreclosures in the economy and perpetual debt. To return this interest to the bank, more people will be asking for loans and hence more debt would be created (in turn creating more money supply)

7. To control the amount of foreclosures in the economy, it is the responsibility of the Fed to ensure that adequate high powered money is available. If banks are not loaning out money, the Fed can issue new bills to the bank (called quantitative easing) to increase lending and money supply. Alternatively if banks are lending too much money, Fed can purchase these bills back from banks and destroy these bills reducing the money supply. They can also control this through increasing the reserve ratio.

8. For the above model to work, it is extremely important that money supply is in balance with the amount of goods in the economy. If there are more goods in the economy and less money to buy, it will cause a depression. Hence the govt would reduce the reserve ratio or issue more high powered money. If there are less goods in the economy, govt would reduce money supply to prevent inflation.








Sunday, March 21, 2010

Just sharing a bit of enlightenment which I have learnt while trying to study the way foreign exchange works :!

Main concepts

1. Money Supply in a country includes domestic currency + foreign currency reserves

2. Foreign exchange rate is determined by supply of foreign exchange intersected with demand of foreign exchange.

3. Increase in imports increases the demand for foreign exchange

4. Increase in exports increases the supply of foreign exchange

5. FDI increases the supply of foreign exchange, hence increases the money supply

6. Increase in money supply (either via domestic currency or foreign currency), results in more spending, resulting in higher domestic prices (inflation) and higher imports.

7. Higher Imports compared to exports result in BOP deficit.

8. BOP deficit needs to be paid for by selling gold or decrease in foreign exchange reserves

9. BOP surplus is used up by buying gold or increase in foreign exchange reserves


How is BOP equilibrium reached (in turn causing foreign exchange equilibrium)

Under the Gold Reserve:

If a country is importing more than exporting (BOP deficit), it would need to pay for its imports by selling its gold or reducing its foreign exchange reserves. The quantity (supply) of foreign currency reduces in the country => money supply reduces. Due to the contraction of money supply, home prices of products come down. Exports get an incentive. Due to money supply contraction, interest rates increases which increases foreign investment (inc. in capital account). Both the above above factor remove the disequilibrium.

Due to decrease in supply of foreign exchange, home currency depreciates against it.


Under Flexible Foreign Exchange System (modern):

If a country is importing more than exporting (BOP deficit),it would need to pay for its imports by selling its gold or reducing its foreign exchange reserves. The quantity (supply) of foreign exchange reduces. As a result the home currency depreciates against it. This triggers and gives a boost to exports and reduces imports. Hence the disequilibrium is removed.

Sunday, March 01, 2009

When they say Nothing is Impossible in Life


From one of the poorest  

 family's chair to the most 

powerful chair in the

world. ....!!!